Keywords: actuating medium, extended expansion phase, Atkinson cycle, Miller cycle, fuel efficiency, cross-arm transmission mechanism, separate strokes, medium expansion mode.

The article discusses specifics of Atkinson and Miller cycles featuring extended expansion phase in order to enhance fuel efficiency. Described is proprietary cross-arm transmission mechanism NAMI, which provides extended actuating medium expansion due to a toggle jointed linkage. One possible realisation of such a cycle making use of dedicated expansion cylinders is shown by the example of VAZ engine.

Keywords: low-speed two-stroke engine, piston rings, inter-ring space, gas pressure, gas flow, cylinder sleeve wear.

The authors consider influence of gas pressure and flow distribution within inter-ring space of low-speed two-stroke engine piston on cylinder sleeve wear characteristics. Gas pressure and flow distribution within inter-ring space were calculated and measured. Said parameters are shown to depend on piston ring geometry and its operating conditions Algorithm and code for numerical analysis of gas flow through piston rings during engine operation were elaborated and validated.

Keywords: diesel engine. fuel system, common rail system, fuel atomization quality, regression model, simulation.

Possibility is shown to evaluate fuel atomization quality based on dynamic analysis of fuel system components using dedicated software package LMS Imagine.Lab AMESim. Instruments are offered for comparative analysis of fuel atomization quality for a variety of fuel supply system configurations based on regression models. Also offered is a method to elaborate algorithm for preliminary evaluation of fuel atomization quality.

Keywords: rotary-piston device, equidistance, autoequidistance, rotor movement kinematics and dynamics.

The result are presented of kinematic and dynamic analyses of autoequidistant rotary machine similar to Wankel engine. Said machine is shown as having more reliable radial seals and providing much higher torque as compared with Wankel engine.

Keywords: positive ignition engine, speed characteristics, throttle opening angle, regression model, control system.

Mathematical model for positive ignition engine is discussed, based on approximation of experimental speed characteristics. Output of the model is throttle opening angle as a function of engine load and speed. The model is recommended as internal combustion engine simulator to be used in development and debugging of function algorithms for closed-loop speed control systems.

Keywords: military infrastructure facilities, distributed power supply systems, extreme external environment, cogeneration, non-conventional energy sources, military electric engineers, qualifying requirements.

The article describes the authors' concept of distributed power supply for RF Defence Ministry facilities located in Arctic climatic zone. Polyvalent power facilities are shown as most efficient ones for polar climatic conditions. Such facilities combine conventional power & heat sources with non-conventional ones (e.g., wind-powered generators, solar cells, etc.) Training requirements are formulated for military electric engineers working in extreme environmental conditions.

Keywords: reciprocating internal combustion engine, thermodynamic efficiency, ideal cycle, isothermic heat delivery and removal, fuel utilization technologies, cycle work, cogeneration, trigeneration.

The authors offer theoretical justification of fuel efficiency enhancement limits. Also offered is hypothetic combustion cycle that includes isothermic cooling and isobaric- isothermic heat delivery, while gas expansion continues in a heat-recovery gas turbine. The cycle in question is shown as exceeding known thermodynamic cycles in terms of cycle work. Further enhancement of engine fuel efficiency may be achieved through the use of cogeneration and trigeneration.

Keywords: rapid compression expansion machine, combustion visualization, laser visualization methods, fuel gas injection systems, experimental dual-fuel marine engine.

One of the papers reviewed discusses the results of investigation carried out by scientists of Kyushu University (Japan) on specially-developed one-cylinder test engine («rapid compression expansion machine») with glass windows. Test instruments enabled to observe combustion of gas injected in engine cylinder and ignited with diesel pilot oil jet. Combustion process images were recorded using high-speed laser technologies. Such an approach enabled visualization of dynamic combustion behaviour of gas and pilot fuel flames, and evaluation of soot formation & NOx emission. MAN Diesel & Turbo developed dual fuel marine engine type MAN 35/44DF with an output of 530 kW/cylinder. Results are presented of engine tests in diesel and dual fuel operation modes. The tests revealed the resource of lowering NOx emission to IMO Tier 3 level without any after-treatment system. The CIMAC papers are translated into Russian by G.Melnik, PhD.